\u00b7\u00a0 Hekim<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Hem\u015fire<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Di\u015f hekimi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Sa\u011fl\u0131k memuru<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Ebe<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Eczac\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Biyolog<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Diyetisyen<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Veteriner<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Ziraat m\u00fchendisi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 T\u0131p fizik\u00e7ileri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Sa\u011fl\u0131k m\u00fchendisleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 \u00c7evre sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 teknisyenleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 \u00c7ocuk geli\u015fimi uzmanlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Sosyal hizmet g\u00f6revlileri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Sa\u011fl\u0131k e\u011fitimcileri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Fizyoterapistler<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 De\u011fi\u015fik dallarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan teknisyenler<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Hastabak\u0131c\u0131lar<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Hizmetliler<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 \u0130dari i\u015fler g\u00f6revlileri<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 \u015eof\u00f6rler<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin<\/strong> kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 mesleksel tehlikeler i\u00e7inde, \u201cen \u00e7ok g\u00f6r\u00fclen, en \u00e7ok sakat b\u0131rakan ve en \u00e7ok \u00f6ld\u00fcren\u201d \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re, \u00f6nde gelen 5 tanesi \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

1. Enfeksiyonlar:<\/strong>\u00a0Yaln\u0131zca bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisi ile u\u011fra\u015fan servislerde de\u011fil; ameliyathanelerde, kan ya da solunum yoluyla ge\u00e7en hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisiyle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131lan b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde de sa\u011fl\u0131k personeli risk alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Hepatit, A\u0130DS, \u015farbon sa\u011fl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n en bilinenlerindendir.<\/p>\n

2. Radyasyon:<\/strong>\u00a0G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme merkezlerinde ve kemoterapi \u00fcnitelerinde \u00e7e\u015fitli yollarla personel radyasyona sunuk (maruz) kalabilir. Hastalar, bir kez, ama sa\u011fl\u0131k personeli bir\u00e7ok kez radyasyona sunuk kalmakta; ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 radyoaktivite y\u00fckl\u00fc alanlarda ge\u00e7irmektedir. Servislerde ya da ameliyathanelerde, hasta ba\u015f\u0131nda ve korunmas\u0131z ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen i\u015flemlerde s\u0131kl\u0131kla etkilenme s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n

3. Anestetik ve kimyasal maddeler:<\/strong>\u00a0Ameliyathanede hastalar\u0131n bay\u0131lt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan kimyasallar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, bir s\u00fcre sonra insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in zararl\u0131 oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131larak terk edilmektedir (\u00d6rne\u011fin: Trikloretilen). Hastan\u0131n bay\u0131lt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015flemini bir\u00e7ok kez tekrarlayan anesteziyoloji personeli ve ameliyathane \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar dolay\u0131s\u0131yla risk alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca biyokimya vb laboratuarlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan personel de \u00e7e\u015fitli kimyasallarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

4. Kaba kuvvet uygulanmas\u0131 (i\u015fyerinde \u015fiddet):<\/strong>\u00a0Toplum hastal\u0131klardan korunma konusunda umursamazd\u0131r. Toplum, erken tan\u0131 konusunda duyars\u0131zd\u0131r. Ama \u201cen son a\u015famada sa\u011fl\u0131k tesisine getirdi\u011fi\u201d hastas\u0131n\u0131n ne pahas\u0131na olursa olsun kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 bekler. Mesle\u011fimizin ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir olgusu olan bu istem kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, sa\u011fl\u0131k personeli de elinden geleni yapmak ister. Ama ya\u015fam\u0131n ger\u00e7ekleri ile isteklerimiz her zaman bulu\u015fmaz. Bunu kabullenmek de kolay de\u011fildir. Hele hasta ve yak\u0131nlar\u0131 i\u00e7in… Ama duyulan tepki ve \u00f6fkenin hedefine sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131 oturtmak vefas\u0131zl\u0131kt\u0131r. Hele yetersiz kapasiteler ve personel say\u0131s\u0131ndaki k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde, hizmetteki aksamalar\u0131n faturas\u0131n\u0131n, y\u00f6neticilerce ustaca, sa\u011fl\u0131k personeline y\u00f6nlendirilmesi hainliktir. Bu hainli\u011fi, yaln\u0131zca sa\u011fl\u0131k tesislerinin y\u00f6neticileri, yaln\u0131zca hatal\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k politikalar\u0131n\u0131n mimar\u0131 politikac\u0131lar yapm\u0131yor; \u00e7arp\u0131k d\u00fczeni s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeyi kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na uygun g\u00f6renler de, g\u00fcnah ke\u00e7isi olarak kendilerinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakileri (\u00f6zellikle de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131) g\u00f6steriyorlar.<\/p>\n

5. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ve d\u00fczensiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma (vardiya, n\u00f6bet, gece \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gibi):<\/strong>\u00a0Sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin yo\u011fun olarak maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ve d\u00fczensiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00e7ok say\u0131da sa\u011fl\u0131k sorununa ve i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi problemine yol a\u00e7abilmektedir. Bunlar aras\u0131nda belli ba\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131; kronik uykusuzluk, yorgunluk, motorlu ara\u00e7 kazalar\u0131, haf\u0131za ve konsantrasyon bozukluklar\u0131, i\u015f kazalar\u0131, malpraktis, baz\u0131 kanser t\u00fcrleri, duygu-durum bozukluklar\u0131, t\u00fckenmi\u015flik sendromu, yabanc\u0131la\u015fma ve aile i\u00e7i gibi sorunlar olarak belirtilebilir.<\/p>\n

Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin, meslek uygulamalar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan \u201cbedensel, ruhsal ve sosyal\u201d bir\u00e7ok tehlike tan\u0131mlanabilir.<\/p>\n

Bu mesleksel tehlikelerin t\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6nlenebilir. Hi\u00e7 biri ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz de\u011fildir; uygun \u00f6nlemlerle s\u0131f\u0131ra yakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. O zaman sorgulamam\u0131z gereken konu \u015fudur: Nas\u0131l?<\/p>\n

Bilim, her konuyu yeniden yeniden ke\u015ffetmez. \u00d6nce bu konuda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan ke\u015fifleri ve uygulamalar\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irir. Enfeksiyon hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n bula\u015fma yollar\u0131 19. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan beri \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hatta bunlar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 ve ila\u00e7lar\u0131 da \u00e7o\u011funlukla ortaya konulmu\u015ftur. Radyasyon konusunda ise, uluslararas\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerden, uluslararas\u0131 kurumsalla\u015fmalara kadar bir\u00e7ok koruyucu mekanizma ortaya konulmu\u015ftur. \u00dclkemizde de bunlar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Kimyasallar ve anestetik gazlar ile ilgili bilgi birikimi de olduk\u00e7a fazlad\u0131r. Hem d\u00fcnyada ve hem de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bunlar\u0131n zararl\u0131 etkilerinin nas\u0131l tan\u0131nabilece\u011fi ve \u00f6nlenebilece\u011fi konusunda geni\u015f bir bilgi birikimi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 risklerden \u201ckaba kuvvet uygulanmas\u0131\u201d bunlar i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc en zor oland\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc toplumda \u015fiddet kullan\u0131m\u0131, tek ba\u015f\u0131na bireysel \u00f6fke ve \u00e7aresizlikten kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6yle olsayd\u0131, insanlar, ilkel toplumlarda da, hasta tedavisini \u00fcstlenen y\u00fcce ki\u015fileri (\u015faman, b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fc vb) d\u00f6ver ve \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrlerdi. Bu \u015fiddet uygulamas\u0131, yenidir ve k\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin toplumda yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir tepki bi\u00e7imidir. Bu bak\u0131mdan kesin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc, bir tek sa\u011fl\u0131k tesisinin kendi olanaklar\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klanamaz. Ama g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerinin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, g\u00fcvenlik personelinin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi ve potansiyel tehlikeler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hasta yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131larla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinde say\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamas\u0131na gidilmesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir.<\/p>\n

Hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu risklerin \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131na ve etkisinin a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an en \u00f6nemli etmen \u201c\u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcreleri\u201ddir. Bu s\u00fcreyi, yaln\u0131zca, \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan kurumda ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre olarak g\u00f6rmek do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n, bir g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde, kendi ad\u0131na ya da \u00fccretli olarak y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc di\u011fer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da \u201cmesleksel riskle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan s\u00fcre\u201d i\u00e7erisinde g\u00f6rmek gerekmektedir. \u00d6nlemleri de bu \u00e7apta de\u011ferlendirmek gerekir.<\/p>\n

SPS konusunda, gerek tan\u0131 ve gerekse bunlar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, tek tek bireylerin boyunu a\u015fan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131nda, ekonomik y\u00f6nden kendisinden \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc y\u00f6neticileri (ya da patronlar\u0131) ve neyin nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen devasa bir bilim dal\u0131 (i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcvenli\u011fi) vard\u0131r. Ba\u015far\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6rg\u00fctlenme \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de SPS konusunda ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, 01.01.1989 y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Tabipleri Birli\u011fi Merkez Konseyi taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cBu bizim sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u201d slogan\u0131 ile y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, d\u00f6rtl\u00fc bir yol izlenmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

1. Bu konuda bilgi birikiminin geli\u015ftirilmesi,<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

2. \u0130\u015fyerlerinden gelen bildirim formlar\u0131ndan bir ar\u015fiv olu\u015fturulmas\u0131,<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

3. SPS alan\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclecek ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 \u00f6zendirmek ve desteklemek ad\u0131na, \u201cTTB \u0130\u015f\u00e7i Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00d6zendirme \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u201d konulmas\u0131,<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

4. Tabip odalar\u0131 d\u00fczeyinde SPS kollar\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ne yaz\u0131k ki, bu and\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z uygulama s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclememi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrk Tabipleri Birli\u011fi\u2019nin konuya olan ilgisi kesintilerle hala s\u00fcrmekte; zaman zaman bu konuda bilimsel toplant\u0131lar d\u00fczenlenmektedir. Ancak bu m\u00fccadelenin, t\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleri taraf\u0131ndan ve \u00f6zellikle de sendikalarca \u00fcstlenilmesi, kararl\u0131l\u0131kla s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi gereklidir.<\/p>\n

Bu, yaln\u0131zca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n kendilerine (ve ailelerine) kar\u015f\u0131 sorumluluklar\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda mesleksel bir sorumluluktur. Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, yaln\u0131zca kendi mesleksel sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fil, t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in duyarl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. \u00dclkemizde meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n, \u00e7o\u011funlukla tan\u0131 bile konulmadan g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, bundan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131n da \u00f6nemli bir pay\u0131 oldu\u011fu unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bumerang etkisiyle, t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen kay\u0131ts\u0131zl\u0131k, sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bozmakta; onlar\u0131n hastal\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kay\u0131ts\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 beslemektedir.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc, kula\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, beynimizi bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelere a\u00e7al\u0131m. Yoksa g\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde her \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc de, \u201cmeslek a\u015fk\u0131yla\u201d kaybedebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. G\u00fcrhan F\u0130\u015eEK<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ankara \u00dcniversitesi S.B.F. \u00d6grt. \u00dcyesi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Fi\u015fek Enst. \u00c7al\u015f. \u00c7ocuklar Bilim ve Eylem Mrkz. Vakf\u0131 Genel Y\u00f6netmeni<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

SA\u011eLIK PERSONEL\u0130 SA\u011eLI\u011eI<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[533,532],"class_list":["post-897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-memur","tag-saglik-perosneli","tag-saglik-personelinin-sagligi"],"yoast_head":"\n